Agents Of Pollution


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Agents Of Pollution

Agents of Pollution: Radiations can be categorised into two main groups

(i) non-ionizing (e.g., ultraviolet) and

(ii) ionizing (e.g., X-rays, alpha-beta, gamma rays, protons, and neutrons).

The sun is a source of spectrum of radiations such as radio waves, infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, gamma and cosmic rays. In  addition, radioactive isotopes given off by subatomic particles such as protons, neutrons electrons, and helium nuclei called alpha-particles, in the process of decomposition, from an unstable state to a more stable condition.

Chemical Hazards: There are several chemicals which affect the living world. Nitrous acid causes an increase in mutatio Similarly, mustard gas, used as poison during World War I, enhances mutations. One of the mon powerful hallucinogenic drugs, LSD, causes increase in abortion, abnormal babies, and chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes. The use of insecticides, pesticides and herbicides to control the insects, pests and obnoxious weeds, which damage important crops, are also potential health hazards,

The most glaring example in recent times is the Bhopal gas tragedy on the wintry night of December 1984, which accounted for about 3,000 deaths and injuries to as many as 100,000 individuals The killer gas, methyl isocyanate (MIC), also called cynate methane, is one of the most toxic gases known. It is a volatile, colourless, and tear-producing liquid, highly irritating to the skin, eyes and mucoUS membrane.

Another toxic gas is phosgene, chemically called carbonyl chloride. It was used in chemical warfare in the First World War. Most of these gases affect blood capillaries which have thin walls, and through which water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, exchanges take place.

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